Elektromos autók újdonságai 2019
Kulcsszavak:
elektromos autók, hatótáv, akkumulátor-technológiák fejlettsége, járműtöltési infrastruktúraAbsztrakt
A közlemény elektromos autók korszerű témakörével foglalkozik. Az elektromos autók világméretű elterjedését különféle tényezők a hatótáv nagysága, az akkumulátor-technológiák fejlettsége, a járműtöltési infrastruktúra és a bevezetett állami kedvezmények határozzák meg. Áttekintjük az elektromos autók újdonságait. Külön kitérünk az Opel Corsa e, Lightyear One, Jaguar I-Pace, Nissan Leaf e+, Audi e-Tron, Opel GT X Experimental és Bosch e.GO Life 60 elektromos autók, bemutatására.
Hivatkozások
[1] Gyula Mester, Szilveszter Pletl, Gizella Pajor, Zoltan Jeges, (1992), Flexible Planetary Gear Drives in Robotics, Proceedings of the 1992 International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, Instrumentation and Automation - Robotics, CIM and Automation, Emerging Technologies, IEEE IECON'92, Vol. 2, DOI:10.1109/IECON.1992.254556, San Diego, USA,pp. 646-649.
[2] Gyula Mester, (1995), Neuro-Fuzzy-Genetic Trajectory Tracking Control of Flexible Joint Robots, Proceedings of the I ECPD International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Intelligent Automation, Athens, Greece, pp. 93-98.
[3] J. K. Tar, O. M. Kaynak, J. F. Bitó, I. J. Rudas, D. Mester, (1995), A New Method for Modelling the Dynamic Robot-Environment Interaction Based on the Generalization of the Canonical Formalism of Classical Mechanics, Proceedings of the I International ECPD Conference, Athens, Greece, pp. 687-692.
[4] Gyula Mester, Szilveszter Pletl, Gizella Pajor and Imre Rudas, (1995), Adaptive Control of Robot Manipulators with Fuzzy Supervisor Using Genetic Algorithms, Proceedings of International Conference on Recent Advances in Mechatronics, ICRAM’95, O. Kaynak (ed.), Vol. 2, ISBN 975-518063-X, Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 661–666.
[5] Gyula Mester, Szilveszter Pletl, Attila Nemes and Tibor Mester, (1998), Structure Optimization of Fuzzy Control Systems by Multi-Population Genetic Algorithm, Proceedings of the 6th European Congress on Intelligent Techniques and Soft Computing, EUFIT’98, Vol. 1, Aachen, Germany, pp. 450–456.
[6] Gyula Mester, (2006), Motion Control of Wheeled Mobile Robots, Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Intelligent
Systems, SISY, ISBN 9637154507, Subotica, Serbia, pp. 119-130.
[7] Gyula Mester, (2006), Intelligent Mobile Robot Controller Design, Proceedings of the 10th Intelligent Engineering Systems, INES, IS-BN:0-7803-9708-8,DOI:10.1109/INES.2006.1689384,pp.282-286.
[8] Gyula Mester, (2007), Improving the Mobile Robot Control in Unknown Environments, Proceedings of the YUINFO’2007, ISBN 978-86-85525-02-5, Kopaonik, Serbia, pp. 1-5.
[9] Gyula Mester, (2007), Obstacle Avoidance of Mobile Robots in Unknown Environments, Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Intelligent Systems and Informatics, SISY 2007, ISBN 9781-4244-1442-0, DOI 10.1109/SISY.2007.4342637, Subotica, Serbia, 2007, pp.123-127.
[10] Gyula Mester, (2009), Obstacle - Slope Avoidance and Velocity Control of Wheeled Mobile Robots Using Fuzzy Reasoning, Proceedings of the IEEE 13th International Conference on Intelli-gent Engineering Systems, INES 2009, Barbados, ISBN: 978-1-4244-4113-6, DOI:10.1109/INES.2009.492 4770, pp. 226-230.
[11] Gyula Mester, Aleksandar Rodic, (2010), Sensor-Based Intelligent Mobile Robot Navigation in Unknown Environments, International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Systems, Vol. 1, No. 2, ISSN: 1847-6996, pp. 1-8.
[12] Gyula Mester, Aleksandar Rodic, (2012), Navigation of an Autonomous Outdoor Quadrotor Helicopter, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Internet Society Technologie and Management ICIST, ISBN: 978-86-85525-10-0, Kopaonik, Serbia, pp. 259-262.
[13] Aleksandar Rodic, Gyula Mester, Ivan Stojković, (2013), Qualitative Evaluation of Flight Controller Performances for Autonomous Quadrotors, Intelligent Systems: Models and Applications, Endre Pap (Ed.), Topics in Intelligent Engineering and Informatics, pp. 115-134, Vol. 3, Part. 2, TIEI 3, ISSN 21939 411, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-33959-2_7, Springer Verlag.
[14] Aleksandar Rodic, Gyula Mester, (2013), Sensor-based Naviga-tion and Integrated Control of Ambient Intelligent Wheeled Robots with Tire-Ground Interaction Uncertainties, Acta Polytechnica Hungarica, Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 10, No. 3, ISSN 1785-8860, DOI:10.12700/APH.10.03, Budapest, Hungary, pp. 113-133.
[15] Gyula Mester, Aleksandar Rodic, (2013), Simulation of Quad-rotor Flight Dynamics for the Analysis of Control, Spatial Navigation and Obstacle Avoidance, Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics (IWACIII 2013), ISSN: 2185758X, Shanghai, China, pp. 1-4.
[16] Josip Stepanic, Gyula Mester, Josip Kasac, (2013), Synthetic Inertial Navigation Systems: Case Study of Determining Direction, Proceedings 57th ETRAN Conference, Zlatibor, Serbia, pp. RO 2.7.1-3.
[17] Gyula Mester, (2013), Metode naučne metrike i rangiranja nauč-nih rezultata, Proceedings of the 57th ETRAN Conference, Zlatibor, Serbia, pp. RO3.5.1-3.
[18] Aleksandar Rodic, Gyula Mester, (2013), Control of a Quadrotor Flight, Proceedings of the ICIST Conference, pp. 61-66, ISBN: 978-86-85525-12-4, Kopaonik, Serbia.
[19] Gyula Mester, (2015), Novi trendovi naučne metrike, Proceedings of the XXI Skup Trendovi Razvoja: “Univerzitet u Promenama...”, paper No. UP 1-3, pp. 23-30, ISBN 978-86-7892-680-8, DOI:10.13140/RG. 2.1.1754.2486, Zlatibor, Serbia.
[20] Gyula Mester, (2015), Modeling of Autonomous Hexa-Rotor Mic-rocopter, Proceedings of the IIIrnd International Conference and Workshop Mechatronics in Practice and Education, MechEdu 2015, pp. 88-91, ISBN 978-86-918815-0-4, Subotica, Serbia.
[21] Gyula Mester, (2015), Cloud Robotics Model, Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, Vol. 13, No. 1, ISSN 1334-4684, DOI: 10.7906/indecs.13.1.1. pp. 1-8.
[22] Gyula Mester, (2015), Merenje rezultata naučnog rada, pp. 445-453, Tehnika-Mašinstvo, 64, 3, ISSN 00402176, Beograd, Srbija.
[23] Gyula Mester, (2016), Rankings Scientists, Journals and Countries Using h-index, Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, Vol.14, No.1,ISSN 1334-4684, DOI:10.7906/indecs.14.1.1,pp.1-9.
[24] Gyula Mester, (2016), Massive Open Online Courses in Education of Robotics, Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, Vol. 14, No. 2, ISSN 1334-4684, DOI:10.7906/ indecs.14.2.7, pp. 182-187.
[25] Mester Gyula, Autonóm önvezető robot autók, Magyar Tudomány Napja a Délvidéken, Vajdasági Magyar Tudományos társaság, ISBN 978-86-88077-09-5, Újvidék, Szerbia, 2017, pp. 402-417.
[26] Attila Nemes, Gyula Mester, (2017), Unconstrained Evolutionary
and Gradient Descent-Based Tuning of Fuzzy-partitions for UAV
Dynamic Modeling, FME Transactions, ISSN: 1451-2092, DOI:
10.5937/fmet1701001N, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 1-8.
[27] Gyula Mester, (2018), Autonomni samovozeći automobili, Pro-ceedings of the YuInfo Conference 2018, ISBN: 978 -86-85525-21-6, Kopaonik, Serbia, pp. 59-62.
[28] Attila Albini, Dániel Tokody, Zoltán Rajnai, (2018), The Cate-gorization and Information Technology Security of Automated Vehicles, Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems Vol. 16, No.3-A, DOI:10.7906/indecs.16.3.4, Zagreb, Croatia, pp. 327-332.
[29] D. Tokody, G. Schuster, (2016), Driving Forces Behind Smart
City Implementations-The Next Smart Revolution, International
Journal of Emerging Research and Solutions in ICT, Vol. 1, No. 2,
eISSN:1857-9981, DOI:10.20544/ERSICT.02.16.P01, pp. 1–16.
[30] D. Tokody, I. J. Mezei, (2017), Creating Smart, Sustainable and
Safe Cities, Proceedings of the IEEE 15th International Symposium
on Intelligent Systems and Informatics, SISY 2017, Subotica,
Serbia, pp. 141–145.
[31] Dániel Tokody, Attila Albini, László Ady, Zoltán Rajnai and Ferenc Pongrácz, (2018), Safety and Security Through the Design of Autonomous Intelligent Vehicle Systems and Intelligent Infrastructure in the Smart City, Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, Vol. 16, No. 3-A, DOI:10.7906/indecs.16.3.11,
pp. 384-396.
[32] D. Tokody, I.J. Mezei, Gy. Schuster, (2017), An overview of Autonomous Intelligent Vehicle Systems, in: K. Jármai, B. Bolló (eds) Vehicle and Automotive Engineering, Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, ISSN 2195-4356, Springer, Cham, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-51189-4_27, pp. 287-307.
[33] D. Tokody, I.J. Mezei, Gy. Schuster, (2017), Autonóm intelligens járművek helyzete Európában, Köztes Európa Társadalom-tudományi Folyóirat a VIKEK Közleményei, Vol. 1–2, No. 1920, ISSN 2064-437X, pp. 199–206.
[34] Géza Károly Kiss Leizer, Dániel Tokody, (2017), Radiofrequency
Identification by using Drones in Railway Accidents and Disaster
Situations, Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, 15
(2), DOI: 10.7906/indecs.15.2.1, pp.114-132.
[35] Nyikes, Z., Rajnai, Z., (2015), The Big Data and the relationship of
the Hungarian National Digital Infrastructure, International
Conference on Applied Internet and Information Technologies,
ICAIIT 2015, Zrenjanin, Serbia, pp. 6-12.
[36] AD Rodic, MK Vukobratovic, (2000), Design of an Integrated
Active Control System for Road Vehicles Operating with
Automated Highway Systems, International Journal of Computer
Applications in Technology, Vol. 13, No. 1-2, pp. 78-92.
[37] Dániel Tokody, Attila Albini, László Ady, Zsolt Marcell Temesvári, Zoltán Rajnai, 2018, Kiberbiztonság az autóiparban, Bánki Közlemények, Vol 1, No 3, ISSN 2560-2810, pp. 71-77.
[38] https://www.transportenvironment.org/publications/electric-surge-carmakers-electric-car-plans-across-europe-2019-2025
(accessed 16th July 2019)
[39] https://int-media.opel.com/en/sixth-generation-opel-corsa-goes-electric (accessed 16th July 2019)
[40] https://ev-database.org/car/1166/Lightyear-One (accessed 16th July 2019)
[41] https://www.jaguar.com/jaguar-range/i-pace/index.html (accessed
16th July 2019)
[42] https://ev-database.org/car/1144/Nissan-Leaf-eplus (accessed 16th July 2019)
[43] https://www.audiusa.com/models/audi-e-tron (accessed 16th July 2019)
[44] https://www.carsandspecs.com/opel-gtx-opels-vision/ (accessed 16th July 2019)
[45] https://e-go-mobile.com/en/models/e.go-life/ (accessed 16th July 2019)
[46] https://www.rethinkx.com/transportation (accessed 16th July 2019)
[2] Gyula Mester, (1995), Neuro-Fuzzy-Genetic Trajectory Tracking Control of Flexible Joint Robots, Proceedings of the I ECPD International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Intelligent Automation, Athens, Greece, pp. 93-98.
[3] J. K. Tar, O. M. Kaynak, J. F. Bitó, I. J. Rudas, D. Mester, (1995), A New Method for Modelling the Dynamic Robot-Environment Interaction Based on the Generalization of the Canonical Formalism of Classical Mechanics, Proceedings of the I International ECPD Conference, Athens, Greece, pp. 687-692.
[4] Gyula Mester, Szilveszter Pletl, Gizella Pajor and Imre Rudas, (1995), Adaptive Control of Robot Manipulators with Fuzzy Supervisor Using Genetic Algorithms, Proceedings of International Conference on Recent Advances in Mechatronics, ICRAM’95, O. Kaynak (ed.), Vol. 2, ISBN 975-518063-X, Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 661–666.
[5] Gyula Mester, Szilveszter Pletl, Attila Nemes and Tibor Mester, (1998), Structure Optimization of Fuzzy Control Systems by Multi-Population Genetic Algorithm, Proceedings of the 6th European Congress on Intelligent Techniques and Soft Computing, EUFIT’98, Vol. 1, Aachen, Germany, pp. 450–456.
[6] Gyula Mester, (2006), Motion Control of Wheeled Mobile Robots, Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Intelligent
Systems, SISY, ISBN 9637154507, Subotica, Serbia, pp. 119-130.
[7] Gyula Mester, (2006), Intelligent Mobile Robot Controller Design, Proceedings of the 10th Intelligent Engineering Systems, INES, IS-BN:0-7803-9708-8,DOI:10.1109/INES.2006.1689384,pp.282-286.
[8] Gyula Mester, (2007), Improving the Mobile Robot Control in Unknown Environments, Proceedings of the YUINFO’2007, ISBN 978-86-85525-02-5, Kopaonik, Serbia, pp. 1-5.
[9] Gyula Mester, (2007), Obstacle Avoidance of Mobile Robots in Unknown Environments, Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Intelligent Systems and Informatics, SISY 2007, ISBN 9781-4244-1442-0, DOI 10.1109/SISY.2007.4342637, Subotica, Serbia, 2007, pp.123-127.
[10] Gyula Mester, (2009), Obstacle - Slope Avoidance and Velocity Control of Wheeled Mobile Robots Using Fuzzy Reasoning, Proceedings of the IEEE 13th International Conference on Intelli-gent Engineering Systems, INES 2009, Barbados, ISBN: 978-1-4244-4113-6, DOI:10.1109/INES.2009.492 4770, pp. 226-230.
[11] Gyula Mester, Aleksandar Rodic, (2010), Sensor-Based Intelligent Mobile Robot Navigation in Unknown Environments, International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Systems, Vol. 1, No. 2, ISSN: 1847-6996, pp. 1-8.
[12] Gyula Mester, Aleksandar Rodic, (2012), Navigation of an Autonomous Outdoor Quadrotor Helicopter, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Internet Society Technologie and Management ICIST, ISBN: 978-86-85525-10-0, Kopaonik, Serbia, pp. 259-262.
[13] Aleksandar Rodic, Gyula Mester, Ivan Stojković, (2013), Qualitative Evaluation of Flight Controller Performances for Autonomous Quadrotors, Intelligent Systems: Models and Applications, Endre Pap (Ed.), Topics in Intelligent Engineering and Informatics, pp. 115-134, Vol. 3, Part. 2, TIEI 3, ISSN 21939 411, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-33959-2_7, Springer Verlag.
[14] Aleksandar Rodic, Gyula Mester, (2013), Sensor-based Naviga-tion and Integrated Control of Ambient Intelligent Wheeled Robots with Tire-Ground Interaction Uncertainties, Acta Polytechnica Hungarica, Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 10, No. 3, ISSN 1785-8860, DOI:10.12700/APH.10.03, Budapest, Hungary, pp. 113-133.
[15] Gyula Mester, Aleksandar Rodic, (2013), Simulation of Quad-rotor Flight Dynamics for the Analysis of Control, Spatial Navigation and Obstacle Avoidance, Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics (IWACIII 2013), ISSN: 2185758X, Shanghai, China, pp. 1-4.
[16] Josip Stepanic, Gyula Mester, Josip Kasac, (2013), Synthetic Inertial Navigation Systems: Case Study of Determining Direction, Proceedings 57th ETRAN Conference, Zlatibor, Serbia, pp. RO 2.7.1-3.
[17] Gyula Mester, (2013), Metode naučne metrike i rangiranja nauč-nih rezultata, Proceedings of the 57th ETRAN Conference, Zlatibor, Serbia, pp. RO3.5.1-3.
[18] Aleksandar Rodic, Gyula Mester, (2013), Control of a Quadrotor Flight, Proceedings of the ICIST Conference, pp. 61-66, ISBN: 978-86-85525-12-4, Kopaonik, Serbia.
[19] Gyula Mester, (2015), Novi trendovi naučne metrike, Proceedings of the XXI Skup Trendovi Razvoja: “Univerzitet u Promenama...”, paper No. UP 1-3, pp. 23-30, ISBN 978-86-7892-680-8, DOI:10.13140/RG. 2.1.1754.2486, Zlatibor, Serbia.
[20] Gyula Mester, (2015), Modeling of Autonomous Hexa-Rotor Mic-rocopter, Proceedings of the IIIrnd International Conference and Workshop Mechatronics in Practice and Education, MechEdu 2015, pp. 88-91, ISBN 978-86-918815-0-4, Subotica, Serbia.
[21] Gyula Mester, (2015), Cloud Robotics Model, Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, Vol. 13, No. 1, ISSN 1334-4684, DOI: 10.7906/indecs.13.1.1. pp. 1-8.
[22] Gyula Mester, (2015), Merenje rezultata naučnog rada, pp. 445-453, Tehnika-Mašinstvo, 64, 3, ISSN 00402176, Beograd, Srbija.
[23] Gyula Mester, (2016), Rankings Scientists, Journals and Countries Using h-index, Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, Vol.14, No.1,ISSN 1334-4684, DOI:10.7906/indecs.14.1.1,pp.1-9.
[24] Gyula Mester, (2016), Massive Open Online Courses in Education of Robotics, Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, Vol. 14, No. 2, ISSN 1334-4684, DOI:10.7906/ indecs.14.2.7, pp. 182-187.
[25] Mester Gyula, Autonóm önvezető robot autók, Magyar Tudomány Napja a Délvidéken, Vajdasági Magyar Tudományos társaság, ISBN 978-86-88077-09-5, Újvidék, Szerbia, 2017, pp. 402-417.
[26] Attila Nemes, Gyula Mester, (2017), Unconstrained Evolutionary
and Gradient Descent-Based Tuning of Fuzzy-partitions for UAV
Dynamic Modeling, FME Transactions, ISSN: 1451-2092, DOI:
10.5937/fmet1701001N, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 1-8.
[27] Gyula Mester, (2018), Autonomni samovozeći automobili, Pro-ceedings of the YuInfo Conference 2018, ISBN: 978 -86-85525-21-6, Kopaonik, Serbia, pp. 59-62.
[28] Attila Albini, Dániel Tokody, Zoltán Rajnai, (2018), The Cate-gorization and Information Technology Security of Automated Vehicles, Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems Vol. 16, No.3-A, DOI:10.7906/indecs.16.3.4, Zagreb, Croatia, pp. 327-332.
[29] D. Tokody, G. Schuster, (2016), Driving Forces Behind Smart
City Implementations-The Next Smart Revolution, International
Journal of Emerging Research and Solutions in ICT, Vol. 1, No. 2,
eISSN:1857-9981, DOI:10.20544/ERSICT.02.16.P01, pp. 1–16.
[30] D. Tokody, I. J. Mezei, (2017), Creating Smart, Sustainable and
Safe Cities, Proceedings of the IEEE 15th International Symposium
on Intelligent Systems and Informatics, SISY 2017, Subotica,
Serbia, pp. 141–145.
[31] Dániel Tokody, Attila Albini, László Ady, Zoltán Rajnai and Ferenc Pongrácz, (2018), Safety and Security Through the Design of Autonomous Intelligent Vehicle Systems and Intelligent Infrastructure in the Smart City, Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, Vol. 16, No. 3-A, DOI:10.7906/indecs.16.3.11,
pp. 384-396.
[32] D. Tokody, I.J. Mezei, Gy. Schuster, (2017), An overview of Autonomous Intelligent Vehicle Systems, in: K. Jármai, B. Bolló (eds) Vehicle and Automotive Engineering, Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, ISSN 2195-4356, Springer, Cham, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-51189-4_27, pp. 287-307.
[33] D. Tokody, I.J. Mezei, Gy. Schuster, (2017), Autonóm intelligens járművek helyzete Európában, Köztes Európa Társadalom-tudományi Folyóirat a VIKEK Közleményei, Vol. 1–2, No. 1920, ISSN 2064-437X, pp. 199–206.
[34] Géza Károly Kiss Leizer, Dániel Tokody, (2017), Radiofrequency
Identification by using Drones in Railway Accidents and Disaster
Situations, Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, 15
(2), DOI: 10.7906/indecs.15.2.1, pp.114-132.
[35] Nyikes, Z., Rajnai, Z., (2015), The Big Data and the relationship of
the Hungarian National Digital Infrastructure, International
Conference on Applied Internet and Information Technologies,
ICAIIT 2015, Zrenjanin, Serbia, pp. 6-12.
[36] AD Rodic, MK Vukobratovic, (2000), Design of an Integrated
Active Control System for Road Vehicles Operating with
Automated Highway Systems, International Journal of Computer
Applications in Technology, Vol. 13, No. 1-2, pp. 78-92.
[37] Dániel Tokody, Attila Albini, László Ady, Zsolt Marcell Temesvári, Zoltán Rajnai, 2018, Kiberbiztonság az autóiparban, Bánki Közlemények, Vol 1, No 3, ISSN 2560-2810, pp. 71-77.
[38] https://www.transportenvironment.org/publications/electric-surge-carmakers-electric-car-plans-across-europe-2019-2025
(accessed 16th July 2019)
[39] https://int-media.opel.com/en/sixth-generation-opel-corsa-goes-electric (accessed 16th July 2019)
[40] https://ev-database.org/car/1166/Lightyear-One (accessed 16th July 2019)
[41] https://www.jaguar.com/jaguar-range/i-pace/index.html (accessed
16th July 2019)
[42] https://ev-database.org/car/1144/Nissan-Leaf-eplus (accessed 16th July 2019)
[43] https://www.audiusa.com/models/audi-e-tron (accessed 16th July 2019)
[44] https://www.carsandspecs.com/opel-gtx-opels-vision/ (accessed 16th July 2019)
[45] https://e-go-mobile.com/en/models/e.go-life/ (accessed 16th July 2019)
[46] https://www.rethinkx.com/transportation (accessed 16th July 2019)
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